The livestock and poultry seed industry is a national strategic and basic core industry and the basis for animal husbandry production. In the process of livestock and poultry breeding, feed nutrition progress, modern facilities and equipment, advanced technology and so on can only effectively improve production efficiency with the help of excellent varieties. At this stage, the contribution rate of improved livestock and poultry to animal husbandry development exceeds 40%. In a certain sense, the core competitiveness of animal husbandry is mainly reflected in the improved breed of livestock and poultry. Accelerating the development of livestock and poultry seed industry is an intrinsic requirement for building a modern animal husbandry industry, and an important way to improve the production level and production efficiency of animal husbandry. It is of great significance for accelerating the transformation and upgrading of animal husbandry and enhancing comprehensive competitiveness.

Introduced from abroad to active innovation

China's livestock and poultry seed industry has developed to the present, experienced three stages of start-up, development and transformation, and has achieved many remarkable achievements in the continuous transformation. In general, under the market pull, policy support, and science and technology, China's livestock and poultry industry has gone through the development stage of foreign introduction, passive breeding, and active innovation.

Before 1994, the improved varieties used in animal husbandry production in China were mainly derived from the resources of local varieties in China. The breeding was mainly based on the continuous selection and breeding of local varieties resources.

From 1995 to 2007, in order to narrow the gap between China's agricultural science and technology and the world's advanced level as soon as possible, the state started the "948" program from the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period to support the introduction of foreign fine livestock and poultry varieties. During this period, it mainly promoted the high-yield varieties introduced from abroad to increase the output of livestock products and meet the consumption demand of “vegetable basket” products for urban and rural residents. About 3,000 breeding pigs, 410,000 breeding birds, 40,000 breeding cattle and 7000 breeding sheep are introduced from abroad each year, which supports the rapid development of animal husbandry production in China.

Since 2008, the production of animal husbandry has changed from quantity growth to improvement of quality and efficiency, and the consumption demand of livestock products has shown a diversified and differentiated trend. In order to meet the needs of modern animal husbandry development, the genetic improvement plans for major livestock breeds such as dairy cows and pigs have been released one after another. The livestock and poultry seed industry has entered the development stage of both domestic and imported varieties of imported varieties. Over the past years, a total of 85 new breeds and supporting systems have been approved by the National Commission for Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources. Most of these new breeds and supporting systems are based on local varieties and have strong adaptability and unique flavor.

To the market's favor.

After years of development, livestock and poultry breeding has achieved remarkable results. The breeding system for livestock and poultry has gradually improved and improved, and has made positive contributions to the sustainable and healthy development of animal husbandry, and has gradually consolidated the foundation of modern seed industry construction. In the breeding mechanism, it is gradually changing from scientific research and breeding led by scientific research units to enterprise-led commercial breeding, and initially establishes a commercial breeding system that combines enterprises as the mainstay, market-oriented, and production, education and research. In the breeding path, the basic breeding of introduced varieties has been started from the introduction of varieties only to the expansion of the breeding, to the localization of imported varieties, to the selection of system selection, to the registration of improved varieties, and to the measurement of performance.

In terms of scientific and technological support, it is gradually shifting from conventional breeding to conventional breeding and molecular breeding. Genome selection technology is gradually applied in dairy cattle and pig breeding.

Market-oriented, enterprise as the main body, establish a commercial breeding system

At present, China's economic development has entered a new normal, and the development of animal husbandry has entered a new stage of shifting from quantitative growth to quantitative quality and efficiency. In recent years, the import of animal products has grown rapidly, and it is more urgent to develop the livestock and poultry seed industry to improve the competitiveness of China's animal husbandry. The intrinsic motivation of a group of powerful industrialized leading enterprises to participate in breeding has been continuously enhanced, and they have actively adapted to the market and continuously increased investment, becoming the "locomotive" that leads the breeding of livestock and poultry in China. The commercialized breeding system with enterprise as the main body, market-oriented, and the combination of production, education and research has gradually formed, which has effectively promoted the introduction and expansion of livestock and poultry breeding in China, and the “localization” of selected varieties to focus on systematic breeding. change.

In 1992, Wenshi Co., Ltd. cooperated with South China Agricultural University to open a road of innovation in production, education and research for more than 20 years. The annual research and development funding for research and development exceeded 100 million yuan. In the frontier technologies such as molecular marker-assisted selection, whole-gen selection, and frozen semen. In keeping with the development of international advanced technology, 20 pig and poultry supporting systems were selected, 9 of which were approved by the state. In 2015, Wen's shares sold 100,000 purebred pigs, 550,000 parental breeding pigs, 500,000 sets of ancestral breeders, 12 million sets of parental breeders, and an annual output of 30 million pigs and 1.2 billion. The large-scale breeding system of broiler chickens has formed a powerful radiation-driven capability for the whole country.

In terms of poultry breeding, Beijing Huadu Shunkou Poultry Company first exerted its strength, through the introduction, digestion and absorption, and cultivated the Beijing-Flour No. 1 and Jinghong No. 1 laying hen supporting system with independent intellectual property rights, breaking the foreign companies. Monopoly on the source of laying hens in China. Since 2000, among the 72 new breeds of poultry cultivated independently by China, enterprise-led breeding accounted for 80%. Up to now, a total of 4 laying hen breeding enterprises have cultivated 10 high-yielding laying hens, and the proportion of localized hens has reached 50%. There are more than 20 laying hens and more than 1,500 parents in the country. There are more than 500,000 sets of ancestral egg breeders, and the supply capacity of improved varieties is constantly improving.

By 2025, a thorough breeding system compatible with modern animal husbandry will be basically established.

The “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” is a crucial period for building a modern animal husbandry industry and an important opportunity for building a modern livestock and poultry seed industry. In recent years, the scale of China's livestock and poultry seed industry has grown from small to large, and its comprehensive strength has been weak to strong, and has achieved remarkable results. However, compared with the requirements of building a modern animal husbandry, there is still a certain gap compared with developed countries in Europe and the United States, and the long-term accumulation of contradictions and problems in the livestock and poultry industry has become increasingly prominent. Recently, in order to accelerate the independent innovation of livestock breeding and improve the comprehensive competitiveness of animal husbandry, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Development of Modern Livestock and Poultry Seed Industry", proposing to form a breeding enterprise as the main body, combining production, education and research, and breeding. Push the integrated livestock and poultry seed industry development mechanism.

The Opinions put forward six key tasks, including further cultivating and expanding leading enterprises. Incorporate livestock and poultry seed industry into the support of the Modern Seed Industry Development Fund, adopt equity investment and other means, and focus on supporting breeding and poultry enterprises with good breeding foundation, strong innovation ability and high market share, integrating resources, talents, technology and other elements to cultivate A group of large livestock and poultry seed industry groups. Encourage seed industry enterprises to build a modern breeding research platform, and promote enterprises and research institutes to jointly build high-standard laboratories, breeding research and development centers and good breeding bases. Based on the dominant varieties, with the dominant species of livestock and poultry enterprises as the carrier, through the breeding promotion, market promotion, industrial development, media promotion and other forms, to create a number of internationally competitive livestock and poultry seed industry brands.

In the next period, China will establish a market-oriented, enterprise-based commercial breeding system. On the one hand, the development of livestock and poultry seed industry has more prominently positioned the main body of the enterprise, giving play to the basic role of the market in resource allocation, and constructing a development mechanism for livestock and poultry seed industry that conforms to market rules and industrial needs. On the other hand, the government departments will increase guidance and support, especially in policy creation, planning and guidance, technology support and market supervision, and create a more relaxed development environment for the development of livestock and poultry seed industry. By 2025, the core species of the main livestock species will reach 70%, and the effective protection rate of national-level protected varieties will reach 95%. Basically, a thorough breeding system will be built that is compatible with modern animal husbandry.